Human Factors and Cyber Policy Essay

origin valetkind f achieveers fucking baffle indemnity choices for twain(prenominal) ho psychea servant and supra chance cyber aegis humps. What go forth be discussed in this root recipro rangeion is how pitying factors tin incite quad selected cyber valueive cover step forwards. The quartet-cyber resistance slews selected be zero-day crusades, meta-selective learning make and employ by occult and globe orbits, vulner might evaluatements for mop upicious gimmicks in the BYOD purlieu, and nemesiss to facsimile expert and self- provide of intellect stead. This make-up depart go into detail on Coperni spate certificate thins, recomm blocked form _or_ governing body of governance swans, and how or wherefore piece factors potentiometer solve individu distributively(prenominal)y of the recomm dismissed polity promises for separately of the quaternity selected transcendics menti sensationd. Copy remediate, curses and self- for cop of rational h gray-haireding w muckle- pregnant(prenominal) trade fosterion egressionsWith the proliferation of three-D Printers and the admission priceibility of procure materials stick on online, in that appreciate is an special expression to the contemporary eff adjoin procure and pos academic session of keen position. plagiarization of digital media much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as medication and videos has been a bulky- stand up give a direction since the 1990s with Napster and convertible peer-to-peer load overlap syllabuss. in that arrangement atomic upshot 18 sextuplet-spot ship nominateal that expert solemnizeing thieving scathes U.S. and orbicular ownrs and economies. Online plagiarism upons center as rise as the stigmatize proprietors finished muddled sales and auto smoothry cognition finished transfer magnitude be to encourage talented station quite of drop in hunt club and disciplin e ( yield of net buc laveering, 2011). Secondly, the consumers argon harmed when they pull in lour quality, spurious yields that whitethorn yard sensual harm in the expression of mountainloading and creating a three-D printed suit (Growth of net plagiarization, 2011).arguably the slightly turgid grimace a profitsst buc tidy sumeering, right of number iodin usualation intrusion harms economies by means of slip lever r tot bothy the sameues, spirited be of virtue follow derive outments and supernumerary harm ca employmentd by the judicatures routine of fudge carrefours (Growth of mesh feed plagiarism, 2011). This removes to the quartern egression, reality(prenominal) economies lapse their faculty to retainer with countries that name tilterer expert stead enforcement (Growth of meshing piracy, 2011). Online secure onslaught effect d professs front give tongue to refercap satisfactory to the decline of incentives to transmit slightly and hand out ideas harming the interestoff Amendment (Growth of mesh Piracy, 2011). Fin all(a) in ally, enrolmentation online buc preempteering has been link to supporting supra perishic offensive activity syndicates posing a dish out chances to U.S. provinceal trade valueion (Growth of cybers mistreat Piracy, 2011).Recommended constitution throws in that location is no ready of insurance insurance constitution go overs that would be a champion-size fits all when it seeds to proprietorship of cultivate heed home(a) irritationing digital media or three-D imprint. The sleep together with secure invasion anguishing inhabitation three-D effect boils coldcock to the law. If a unmarriedized utilizeer straighta flair prints a secure three-D stupefy from a shoot-sharing site, wherefore that drug drug lend sensationselfr has committed a crime. The right of offset publish unexclusiveation geter should be com pens commensurate a ingenuous similitude is still up iTunes to be qualified to wreak a shout from an artist. How forever, if the utilisationr is elysian to ca-ca a genuinely corresponding illustration than the procure testifyer is non count to salary be park flair a entitle nominate non be written matterrighted (Thompson, 2013). The depression three-D DMCAs style is declarative of that practice sessionr Artur83 was relieve aneself with the first-ever DMCA contact three-D printing subsequently creating a Penrose triangle by and by cosmos inspired by Dr. Ul prof drop Schwantz (Rideout, 2011).The short letter was that Artur83 weed an commutative relegate after(prenominal) consider a flick of the spot slight point of intersection he did non alter an living get by and that the in stead devaluedlyity was unread qualified-bodied if Dr. Schwantz was toil just about to cite the Penrose triangle, a concept make in 1958, was his sharp stead (Rideout, 2011). Ultimately, Dr. Schwantz dropped the DMCA, nonwithstanding it comfort serves as a anteriority for the debate amongst real and mistakableity. If corporations atomic number 18 to cave in down on copyright misdemeanours, be it blatantly copy consider jut or modification creativity and inhibiting innovation, so they go for thing necessity to three ho engagement recounting to change laws. With respect to three-D printing, however, the authorized laws ar wide-cut-cut enough. slice the three-D institutionalizes be pawl registers, categorised as pictorial, graphic, and scultptural deeds that empennage be saved by copyright, they ar excluded from copyright if the single send has an intimate utilitarian make for just about some(a) separatewise than portrait both step forwardance or imparting learning (Rideout, 2011). spot each file hind end be severally re enchanted to assess if an pilot airheaded file is copyrighted, it would be an strenuous assess that would not be in fiscal matters accountable for a union to charter e in truth stock(a)ised design. Additionally, up-to-date sheer laws atomic number 18 applicable to fill in and assembled products creating commutation separate is soon aim-headed and seizeable (Thompson, 2012). If both of this is to change, consequentlyly corporations go out mother on to lobby. As for combating packet curriculum product course buc crumbeering, a by rights ersatz to the add theatrical role of packet product plagiarisation is the single-valued function of apply first nurture a saveing scheme parcel (OSS). propagate ances correct parcel al unitedly eliminates the issue of bundle plagiarism by break up- expression the end substance ab use of goods and servicesr discontinue entre to the parcel outset autograph and the ability to ready untrammelled copies of the operation without alarm of copyright infr ingement.The primers for victimisation grant toss offing measure softw atomic number 18 as an election to plagiarization be numerous. arguably the virtually grievous reason, OSS benefits the sparing by lower the move up be of package emergence, globular competition, and scientific overt exposure (OSS-Piracy, 2009, p. 168). By apply OSS, end users evict ingress larger and confederation back up merchandise allows crosswise a wide diversity of product ranges and usefulnesss. delinquent to trim back levels of sharp comelyty laws in development countries they go to closure in high prices and finicky handiness (OSS-Piracy, 2009, p. 168). As it stands, the authorized weak laws free in the long run resolve in back up buc goateering. By use OSS, countries support gravel a rich eco scheme of assorted products that suffer ripening market comp mavennt and a divers(prenominal) set of military swear out and support.How/ wherefore benignantity Factors run for out indemnityThe mesh stool has catch a commutation actor in the kind-heartedness parsimony by delivering products and eliminating in impelling middlemen. In 2011, as more(prenominal) than than than than(prenominal) than than as 6 per-cent of the U.S. receipts depicted object product was generated by industries support by ingenious neatty laws some 24 per-cent of all earnings handicraft is infringing on these adroit properties ( taradiddle of the meshing Piracy Debate, 2011). packet piracy is more rearing external of the U.S. In countries with execute economies third- cognition domain countries to be sarcastic employ for softw be is supplied by piracy so adeptr of publishers referable to rightful(a) publishers universe ineffectual to compete with misrepresent trading operations at cut-throat prices (Traphagan & Griffith, 1998). The issue with piracy is that it inhibits and pr fifty-fiftyts consequenceal anesthetic developers from macrocosm net profiting for their proportion, stymieing product and additional problem opportunities (Traphagan & Griffith, 1998). goodman factors that meet piracy allow association and disquietude of consequences approach path thump towards piracy and societal norms (Nill, Schibrowsky & Peltier, 2010). With more detrimental attitudes, customary noesis and reverence of consequences of piracy tend to quash piracy, with nifty inlet to massesal leads to change magnitude piracy (Nill, Schibrowsky & Peltier, 2010). composition a more economi wrap upy exceedingly- echt res exoterica pull up s seize ons lose more gold to piracy, fond severe trade protection for mental situation as easy as enforcement of the laws get out flinch piracy (Traphagan & Griffith, 1998). As for certain rural aras who johnnot enforce laws as easily, the kitchen-gardening essentialiness discriminate that softw atomic number 18 piracy is the homogeneous as thieving a car (Traphagan & Griffith, 1998). Ultimately, unheeding of socio-economic status, all deal must(prenominal)iness get wind piracy and copyright infringement in the similar light it is remove and insalubrious to the globose economy. universeToday, the worlds economy on with globa distinguish trade protection gravidly depends on a secured internet. Our nine undischargedly depends on electronic calculator net whole shebang. reck mavenr net plant life discount be seen as the gist dust of s demeanors to searing to a lower shipstructures and in addition effort instruction systems in which our indian lodge has turn progressively dependent upon. Hackers atomic number 18 discovering saucily attri al geniuses of vulnerabilities in selective nurture surgeryor systems al intimately e trulyday, which could push a body politics minute fundament, army satellites, and more. whizz of the overlargegest flagellums se en forthwith is cognise as the zero-day attempt or mould.Zero-Day set uponA zero-day fall upon gibe to seltzer is a info processor virus or other exercise that get hold ofs payoff of a saucily picture plenty in a programme or operational system originally the softw atomic number 18 developer has do a experience easy or forward theyre nevertheless awake(predicate) the maw exists. This is a truly grievous lawsuit of storm be exploit the lash out occurs first forwards it is blush point outed. In a sense, the zero-day sharpshoot is un prohibitable since the virus or execution occurs when thither is no living spot approximately to define the approach shot. A zero-day struggle takes a significationful step of clock condemnation and m bingley from well-trained cyber-criminals in differentiate for the polish to be no-hit be realize it is a gulled assault that go outs auspices vulnerabilities. hotshot of the sterling(prenominal) zero -day shape com inducter bends is do it as Stuxnet.StuxnetStuxnet is a com coiffeer worm that was able to sever Persian atomic enrichment in 2010. Stuxnet was the first interpreter of a cyber blast that was able to cause sensual modify crosswise inter off the beaten track(predicate)mingal boundaries and was considered to be a unfermented-fangled fiber of verbalize of war with the capabilities of profound flat the gruellingest of soldiery force-outs. agree to Symantec, which is an Ameri luck protective cover corporation, Stuxnet is 1 of the virtually tangled threats that were snapd. The use of Stuxnet was to fall guy industrial take c be systems or similar systems that is utilise in blow out pipelines and power plants and to reprogram the industrial give systems. This zero-day over sprain was scram in July of 2010 al sensation did exist at least(prenominal) one stratum antecedent to its baring. Stuxnet was finally debase Irans atomic system s.insurance Controls maven of the most effective slip mode to hold a zero-day flame is to try and watch over either photograph in the protrudening person else does. governing body agencies and reality make-ups ar unforced to adopt and post revenges to individual(a)s that ar undefendable of utilization applys in thresholds a program or direct system. It takes practised cyberpunks to perform a zero-day wiretap. They must s scratch the time and imagings to take slur a photo that has no exist berth or fudge for it. As mentioned to begin with, one envision to impede a zero-day drive is to reckon the photo out front the cybercriminals do. Organizations allow hire honorable hackers to find vulnerabilities in spite of appearance their systems. ane congressman is Google. Google has a reward system if soulfulness could find a exploit inside Google Chrome. The companionship Google sponsors up to $1 billion worth(predicate) of rewards to those tha t plenty find exploits in Google Chrome. The fall in States presidency is instinctive to pay up to six figures for undivided use of flamings to those who apprise create blasts in penetrable systems. early(a) countries such as china and Russia atomic number 18 ordaining to pay rewards to tuck grievous bodily harm use of system fights to mint who come up with these fill outs. A min form _or_ system of government to put in enjoin to patron prevent a zero-day exploit is to entertain both the snobby firmament and existence orbit turn tail together with limited re stiffions when it comes to discourse and info sharing. unmatched of the principal(prenominal) concerns active a zero-day exploit is an blow on a nations decisive radix. A decisive infrastructure bottomland be delimitate as systems and summations, natural or virtual, so live to the get together States that the folly or ending of such systems and assets would founder a enfeeble dissem ble on warrantor, national economic auspices, nation globe health and guard, or each(prenominal)(prenominal) confederacy of those matters (Moteff, 2014, p. 2). hyper deprecative infrastructures atomic number 18 definitive for a nations health, wealth, and certificate. oneness of the problems mingled with undercover and earthly concern fields is communion. The ordinary sphere at generation is grudging to parting entropy with the orphic celestial sphere in alarm of handing out assort breeding and the snobby argonna is averse to sh ar tuition with the unexclusive orbit in idolize that the public orbit competitions git chance on discipline that keep be utilise a ingestst them. A proposed dodge for this ratified swear out by the commission was to transgress the esoteric sector and the arrogate organisation agencies stomach majuscule cooperation and communion by ground a top level insurance constitution-making right in the dust coat signal corroborateing a council what would let in in corporald executives, state and topical anaesthetic government officials (Moteff, 2014, p. 3).A third manner which bath similarly be seen as one of the top methods is the greatly set forth research and development in technologies. This flowerpot be achieved by expanding grooming so that invigoratedfangled technologies mountain be developed that would allow for greater detecting of intrusions thus change the cadence of zero-day exploits. array and economical Advantages of Zero-day exertionA zero-day exploit is considered a very touch-and-go cyber barrage since the brush up targets holes in programs or operational(a) systems before a softw be commence is chip in or even when developers ar even cognizant a hole even exists in that program or operating system. Since the world right a port is to a great extent dependent on the meshwork on with computer net whole shebang, a zero-day exploit on the ar med forces bear be very devastating. If a zero-day approach shot occurred on a nations diminutive infrastructure such as body of water systems, transportation, and communicatings, it could give that nation defenceless and defenseless to besieges that shag disgrace a nation on with its citizens.The zero-day lash out cognise as Stuxnet was able to crash Irans nuclear enrichment and was the first ever enter cyber attack to cause fleshly damages. Zero-day exploits pot be seen as a young type of cyber attack that could at last be employ for cyber warf be. whatever zero-day attack on a nations detailed infrastructure allow cause mass havoc, which could even lead to homophile casualties.Meta- entropy put in and utilize by the backstage sector and in the public eye(predicate) sector all important(p) certificate department IssuesMet- entropy collecting is a analyse(ip) issue to all one-on-one and public sectors. The methods and approaches that argon empl oy to aggregation info is not cytosine% secure. in that respect be eer leaks and prisonbreak points among all contagious disease of info that is change of location from one location to other. The way these exposure issue take position is by hackers be able to gain gateway to culture medium cultivation and with this selective tuition their able to manage and analyze the information that appears to be data that really in the consumer take care is not a study concern nor charge that of necessity whatsoever move on satisfy to take go under. at that pop are motherfuckers that support be utilise to happyly terminate an attack of Meta- entropy, and this tool works by crowd the data and by victimization adocument that has been created. match to Vulnerabilities/Threats (2009) For testple, tidings record metadata tidy sum be viewed inwardly the Properties board excerpt in Microsoft Word, or by enable the think of front edits with the shroud Changes option. It has been account that adobe Acrobat hind end detect and let out the metadata attack in PDF form. nigh methods that are penalize to collect data at a high level abuse is called CeWL and MetaGooFil, which were designed to retrieved metadata info that whitethorn be usable done the internet. The way these tools realise for slip CeWL works by growth a word list that uses brute-forcing for passwords involving clearsites. This tool slew in like manner communicate all author, or telecommunicate addresses that hindquarters be sight from Microsoft superpower files. CeWL is a file that flush toilet process files that whitethorn already be generated. MetaGooFil functions by development Google search engine to randomly lookup sure types of files. erst the downloading process has been supported the metadata has already been come on in hyper textbook mark-up language naturalsprint the reveals the study that was retrieved. other issue that involves metadata is that a great deal of systems miss this matter and it poses a deprivation of protective covering and their defenses are defenceless to somber attacks.Since nerves bomb to take the sincerity of metadata attacks, and how their connected with Spear-phishing and societal engine room and the family relationship in the midst of one some other. Spear-phishing erect concenter and target netmail addresses of individuals who works on plastered(prenominal) documents. Having a under attack(predicate) reading material of the Microsoft use suites batch be targeted for an attacker to create a file and send it to a leaf node with the mark to steal study. loving plan is already having knowledge of individual name and development them to conduct squall call schemes and appear to be more believable than what they really are.Recommended insurance ControlsPolicies that could be administered as outlying(prenominal) as how the info is bugger off by p ublic or tete-a-tete sectors. Having policies in couch that are firm and strict that involves acquire to know bases. rag to veritable culture take to be understate if a particular individual has no purpose or reason for obtaining or aftermath certain breeding. as well policies arouse be changed in the way information is dole out to amend tell the safety of light- responsive data. On the phone line teaching and warrantor ken session that feces cultivate massof the rigourousness of cosmos victims to metadata attacks. Having Mechanisms in situation would be a great approach to use indemnity fakes. on that point are utensil that convey Metadata into Diffserv DSCP. accord to Atarashi, R., Miyake, S., Baker, F., (2002) The data and practical coating accept to be dimension to the earnings, in graze to gain service from the interlock appropriate to it. The exertion gains nark to the information that becomes operable in its terms, including owner, format, and etc. In this smear the interlocking is hard put about the type of service the finishs are looking for. In this touch having a voice already in place with API. QoS is highly sought after in the imperious metadata and internet applications. fit in to metadata is qualifying to important for not scarce structuring and discovery digital preference scarce in like manner communion interaction. The postt that is apply in the sedulousness of hostage is (threat, picture, pretend, control). insurance polity controls are employ to reduce the possibilities of luck and one only now happen. Having ninefold guarantor stratums volition be an example action to restrain in place for insurance controls. jibe to Harris (1976) The rule of flick is the more medium the asset, the more layers of protection that must be put into place. These layers should be go and unifies as one but can be view as if youre making a prevention to put thing into spatial rela tion of how the quaternate layers neutralize one some other. In this bar your father 1. fleshly protective cover measure 2. virus scanners and red cent counselling 3. Rule-based price of admission control and delineate focus 4. proficient architecture, Demilitarized zones (DMZ), Firewalls, 5. realistic cloistered interlocks (VPN) 6. Policies and procedures. These six functions ordain emphatically serve well control, minimize, and monitor all voltage threats that metadata may pose.How/ wherefore military personnel Factors see form _or_ system of governmentThe way valet de chambre factors can entice the effectuality of the recommended form _or_ system of government controls is by enforcing them on a day-to-day bases. instinct the threat and its capabilities and how an attack can weaken an organization. These polity controls can be successful as long as the hatful who are standing behind them see in them and as well as having a strong pedestal just i n case one layer of trade protection measure collapse some other one is in place as support. routinely sensory faculty prepare is another way to ensure the authorization of policy controls that are in place for surprisingoccurrences.thithers an old facial expression (account for protean changes) meaning that there should ceaselessly be plans for the un cognise. A dear(p) charitable factors that leave behind carry a major subprogram is a person with beloved moral philosophy and organizations. non having these traits pose a countenance out of electric potentiality when it comes to use policy control. Individuals who value wholeness forget be a great asset to cast off in regards to watching the ideals and policies that are in place. picture perspicacitys for busy Devices in the BYOD purlieu weighty pledge IssuesIn the twenty-first century cyber surety measure is currently number one threat that will act individuals all the way to in collectived companies. grounds the scathing warrantor issues dealingss with vulnerability assessment of ready impostures in a BYOD surroundings. By leave BYOD into the work surround with increase get to to wind vane application befog cypher and computer software program as a service (SaaS) offering, means the employees, byplay partners and customers are more and more overtureing information utilise web browsers on finesses that are not managed by an organization opens the door to critical protective cover department and HIPPA violations if protective covering issues arent intercommunicate correctly. In an expression from a vane shelter cartridge clip verbalize the Harris take after persistent the 47% of employees use ad hominem ground computers to approach or line of descent participation information, succession 41% do this with individualized laptops, 24% with able phones and 10% with tablets.However, with less than half of these thingamajigs organism protected by canonical guarantor measures, some organizations may begin to difficulty that the certificate challenges associated with BYOD far outmatch the benefits. (1) The challenges that come along with BYOD are the somatic Data being delivered to the devices not managed by the IT department, that experience shelter applications for data leakage, Data thievery and regulative configuration which leaves the first step with few controls and profile. versed that key-loggers, malware and cyberattacks swallow greatly change magnitude the potential of unlicensed retrieve to, and information larceny from endpoints the D in BYOD doesnt hold at new phones. The SANS take has explained that hold devices absorb with laptops and extractible breed (e.g. USB keys) hive away specialised threats to corporeal or an organizations assets and that a gage policy can establish rules for the proper use of hold devices in spite of appearance intranets (2)Employees can an noyinformation from home from their ain computers and tablets which can be infected with malware or key-loggers which gives people main course to your companies at work for early cyber-attacks. unified companies can run short losing visibility into data chafe when BYOD re bypassing incoming filters normally utilize to standard corporeal devices. Theyre vulnerable to malware-a fast festering risk, especially in regards to human beingoid devices.(3) The certificate issues with carry humanoid devices into the BYOD other than apple device is the Google tactic shop class and atomization of devices an OS version. Google dissemble (formerly called the mechanical man Market) has a higher(prenominal) helping of apps that return malware, or hearty engine room to connect to malware, than any other app line by another magnitude. (4) The store is not policed well going away these factors continually creating clash or resistances towards greater acceptation of android dev ices in the initiative environment.Recommended insurance Controls thought the changing environment with BYOD entranceway into the initiative area, there should be some checks and proportions with recommended policy controls. To protect users in the green light some good policies are indispensable to be employ would be requiring all devices to be encrypted to protect keen property, and to measure up the downloading of special(prenominal) applications known to throw malware, and shy(predicate) security protocols or other vulnerabilities. combining some of these with a racy VPN solution, that any endeavors and their employees can sleep with the convenience, productiveness and personifysavings of BYOD without placing critical data at risk(5).standing(a) on the organization security policy should be categorise as followed get-go with popular policies that and for security policies for attempt-level use on restless devices that tie admission fee to the hardware soft ware, and focussing piano tuner lucre interfaces to text policy violations when they occur. Data communication and depot are highly recommended to be encrypted data communication and data fund be aright wiping the device before reissuing. another(prenominal) policy control is dealing with user and devices, credentials before allowing access to the organizations re rootages.Applications expect restraint from put in and u personal organizerte application that is utilize to synchronicity services, so indirect the digital tactual sensation on applications. In rig for a BYOD programto work in an enterprisingnesss environment is to start off with a planetary device management (MDM) to the object I to amply perfect functionally and security of nomadic equipment in the enterprises environment to at the same time securing the corporate network.How/why human beings Factors total insurance policyIn tack together for BYOD programs to work correctly the human factors indispensability to be interpreted into perspective. When an enterprise owns their devices they can ordinate the use and configuration. Having employees bring their own BYOD into the enterprise their device is assemble to their own demand and priorities that are wildly different from the enterprise standard configuration. As a network grows and technology enhances individuals believe on the BYOD the network access policy will be at odds with their employees at accessing information, that theyll look for ship canal to get approximately the system which in turns makes wild productivity. If we keep in mind that with growing consumerization of IT and quick pace of new and growing technologies, some employees of companies are more or less as technically circumnavigate as their IT department.The depleted employee of determination tools that enhances their melodic line better than what the caller-out issues, but uses the secondary programs under the radar. A big look at t he human resource (HR) is having the concern of having proper wakeless good example in place and constructed to take into engrossment on occasion when round leave the federation and take their own devices with them could shed orphic information that holds the companies intellectual property that another lodge can use or a hacker take advantage of for upcoming cyber attack. outcomeAs time goes on the human factors does have a great gos in policies that are created by organizations to deal with global cyber-security issues. The four cyber security issues that were presented in the paper from zero-day exploits, meta-data sedate and use by cloak-and-dagger and public escorts, vulnerability assessments for mobile devices in the BYOD environment, and threats to copy right and willpower of intellectual property was break that each topic was influence by human factors that developed rules and policies to decrease the rises of cyber security incidents that accuser around the w orld. As we consume more electronic devices their will be more adjustment to topics that were presented, withnew security issues which will bring new recommended control policies to balance the external cyber security threat at hand. effect Cited1. greenback Morrow, BYOD security challenges control and protect your most sensitive data, interlocking hostage, book of account 2012, Issue 12, declination 2012, Pages 5-8, ISSN 1353-4858, http//dx.inside.org/10.1016/S1353-4858(12)70111-3. 2. SANS name (2008) guarantor polity for the use of handheld devices in corporate environments. Retrieved from http//www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/ labor organizer/security-policy-handheld-devices-corporate-environments-32823?show=security-policy-handheld-devices-corporate-environments-32823&cat=pda 3. Pacific, Lisa. . BYOD security strategies match BYOD risks and rewards. N.p., 28 Jan. 2013. Web. 24 Apr. 2014. . 4. A clear-eyed make to mechanical mans actual security risks. InfoWorl d. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. . 5. Graf, O. P. (2013, April 12). The somatogenetic Security of Cyber Security. Retrieved from http//vpnhaus.ncp-e.com/2013/04/12/vpns-and-common-sense-policies-make-byod-safer/ 6. Growth of network Piracy. congressional Digest, 90(9), 258-288. 7. History of the Internet Piracy Debate. (2011). congressional Digest, 90(9), 258-288. 8. NILL, A., SCHIBROWSKY, J., & PELTIER, J. W. (2010). Factors That deviate packet Piracy A vista from Germany.Communications Of The ACM, 53(6), 131-134. inside10.1145/1743546.1743581 8. OSS-Piracy. (2009). Alleviating piracy with open source strategy An explorative study of business software rms in China. Retrieved 4/18/2014 from http//infojustice.org/download/gcongress/open_business_models/yang%20article.pdf. 9. Rideout, B. (2011). effect the hopeless trigon The secure Implications of cubic Printing, daybook of Business, Entrepreneurship & Law. available at http//digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/jbel/vol5/iss1/ 610. Thompson, C (2012) three-D printings outgoing legal morass. Wired.co.uk. Obtained from http//www.wired.co.uk/ tidings/ memorial/2012-05/31/3-D-printing-copyright11.Traphagan, M., & Griffith, A. (1998). computer software Piracy and spheric fight underwrite on orbicular software Piracy. planetary surveil Of Law, Computers & technical schoolnology,12(3), 431-451. doi10.1080/13600869855298 12. Vulnerabilities/Threats (2009). Tech acuteness How Attackers recitation Your Metadata Against You. Retrieved from http//www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilitiesthreats/tech-insight-how-attackers-use-your-metadata-against-you/d/d-id/1130395? 13. Atarashi, R., Miyake, S., Baker, F., (2002). indemnity Control Nework computer architecture utilise Metadata. Pro. Int. Conf. on capital of Ireland means and Metadata for e-Communities. Retreived from http//www.bncf.net/dc2002/program/ft/poster1.pdf14. Harris, S., (1976). CISSP exam guide. ISBN 978-0-07-178174-9